botbrains2005

Bryan and Nathan @ Stafford

2005-12-24T04:03:00.000-08:00

Bryan and Nathan @ Stafford
Originally uploaded by eludom.

Here are Bryan and Nathan just
after having driven the best
run of the whole Stafford
tournement.

NOAA Web Site

2005-12-01T06:48:00.000-08:00

This NOAA site (National Oceanic and Atmostpheric Association) is a great source for teachers at all levels of education:http://www.education.noaa.gov/tocean.html

Oil Facts Handout

2005-11-30T16:17:00.000-08:00

Oil gets dirty but it never wears out!

You can make a difference!

Recycle for FREE

Recycle used oil filters!

Inform others in your community

Did you know that 706 million gallons of oil enter the ocean each year, mostly from non-accidental sources? 363 million gallons, over one-half, comes from used engine oil improperly disposed of and oil run-off from municipal and industrial wastes.

Fact: Americans carelessly dispose 35 times the amount of oil per year that was spilled in the entire Valdez spill!

Fact: More than half of Americans change their own oil but only one-third of it is collected and recycled.

Fact: 4 million gallons of used oil are unaccounted for by Virginia residents who change their own oil.

Fact: 6 million oil filters are improperly disposed of each year in Virginia alone.

Fact: There are 6 - 8 oz. of oil in each used filter.

Fact: If we recycled all of our used oil, we could save the U.S. 2.3 million barrels of oil/day.

Fact: It takes forty-two gallons of crude oil, but only one gallon of used oil to produce 2.5 quarts of new lubricating oil.

Six main sources of oil pollution in millions of gallons per year:

Offshore drilling-15 million-operational discharge and spills possibly caused by hurricanes.

Big Spills-27 million-large oil tanker spills

Natural Seeps-62 million-natural seepage from the ocean floor and erosion of sedimentary rocks

Up in Smoke-92 million gallons-refers to cars and industries polluting the air with hydrocarbons which are washed down into the oceans by rain.

Routine Maintenance-137 million-this comes from bilge cleaning and other ship operations such as cleaning the ships engine.

Down the Drain-363 million-used engine oil and land run-off from industries ending up in our watersheds and eventually making their way into our oceans.

For Oil Convenience Sites, call 540) 347-6810 for specific locations.

These sites collect bagged household trash and recycled items. A current Fauquier County sticker or special exception permit is required for admittance to these facilities.

Recycling Chart

Drop Off Recycling and Convenience Sites

td {font-size: 12px;}

Recycling Information Line
(540)347-6830

Catlett Site
Rt. 796 near Rt. 28

Landfill
Bingham
Rd. off Rt 29 Bypass

Markham Site
Rt.688, .3 mi south of Rt 66

Marshall Site
Rt. 55
1.3 mi east of Marshall

Morrisville Site
Rt 637 .2 mi west from Rt 17

New Baltimore
Rt 29 at Country Store on Rt 693

Remington Site
Rt 29 Bus. next to Andes Market

Motor Oil & Anti-Freeze

oil only

-

oil only

oil only

-

-

Hours of operation for Catlett, New Baltimore, Marshall, Markham, and Morrisville Convenience Sites:

Monday, Tuesday: 7am to 3pm
Thursday, Friday: 7am to 3pm
Wednesday: 11am to 7pm
Saturday, Sunday: 9 am to 5 pm

Directions to Bingham landfill in Warrenton:

1: Start out going EAST on W LEE HWY / US-211 E / US-29 BR N toward BRANCH DR. 0.7 miles Map

2: Merge onto US-15 S / US-29 S toward US-17 S / CULPEPER / FREDERICKSBURG 3.0 miles Map

3: Turn LEFT onto LORD FAIRFAX DR (Portions unpaved) which takes you into the landfill. 0.4 miles Map

4. End at 8477 Bingham Rd.

For more information, see http://botbrains2005.blogspot.com

http://www.fauquiercounty.gov/government/departments/environmental/

Press Release

2005-11-30T16:10:00.000-08:00

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Contact: George Jones, leader/Mentor: Katie Hoptiak
E-mail: gmj AT pobox DOT com
Location: Warrenton, VA Challenge: Ocean Odyssey

Teams solve real world problems through robotics design and research at FIRST Lego League at Virginia FIRST Lego League State Tournament in Blacksburg, Virginia, December 4, 2005. Children have been asked with the challenge and excitement of designing and building an original robot in the FIRST Lego League program (www.firstlegoleague.com). On December 4, eight weeks of research and design will culminate in the FIRST Lego League State Tournament of Virginia where teams of children and mentors will demonstrate their problem solving skills, creative thinking, teamwork, competitive play, sportsmanship, and sense of community. Among the participants are the 9-11 year old boys from Warrenton, Virginia, also known as the ?Botbrains.? This action packed event is free and open to the public.

This years challenge, ?Ocean Odyssey,? calls for teams to research and present robotics technology solutions. The competition is judged in five areas: research, presentation, robot performance, technical mechanics of the robots construction; teamwork; and gracious professionalism. The highest honor will go to the team that best exemplifies the spirit and values of the program. Every participant will receive a medallion to commemorate his experience and dedication to the eight week process.

Founded by inventor Dean Kamen, FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) was created to inspire young peoples? interests and participation in science and technology. FIRST Lego League is an international program for 9-14 year old children created in partnership between FIRST and the Lego Company in 1998. Each September FIRST Lego League announces the challenge to teams, which engages them in authentic scientific research and hands-on robotic design. Using Lego Mindstorms technologies and Lego bricks, children work alongside adult mentors to design, build, and program robots, to solve real world challenges. After eight intense weeks, the competition culminates at high energy, sport-like tournaments.

Since its beginning, FIRST has had a positive impact on students and academic communities. ?We need to show kids that it?s more fun to design and create a video game than it is to play one,? said Dean Kamon, FIRST founder. ?In FIRST Lego League, kids discover careers, possibilities, and learn to make positive contributions to society. Currently in its eighth year, the FIRST League anticipates its largest season ever.

Tomorrow at noon, November 30, 2005, the Botbrains will be in front of Rankins Hardware store in Warrenton, VA, educating the public on how they can make a difference in preventing oil pollution in our precious oceans. Could you please help support our project by giving us wider media coverage so the team can inform more people?

For more information on our project, go to http://botbrains2005.blogspot.com/
To learn more about FIRST, go to www.usfirst.org.

BotBrains Team Photo, 2005

2005-11-30T15:39:00.000-08:00

"Down the Drain" in the news

2005-11-29T08:33:00.000-08:00

Large Benzene splill from oil refinery in China/Russia:

http://in.today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=worldNews&storyID=2005-11-29T142712Z_01_NOOTR_RTRJONC_0_India-225475-1.xml&archived=False

http://www.newkerala.com/news.php?action=fullnews&id=57106

http://news.google.com/news?hl=en&ned=&ie=UTF-8&q=benzene+spill+china&btnG=Search+News

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzene

Research Paper: Oil - Polluting Our Oceans

2005-11-23T03:06:00.000-08:00

OIL –
POLLUTING OUR OCEANS

A Research Report
By
The "BotBrains"
Junior Lego Robotics Team
November 23, 2005

OIL - POLLUTING OUR OCEANS
Introduction
I. Sources/Statistics of oil Pollution
A. Offshore Drilling
B. Big Spills
C. Natural Seeps
D. Up in smoke
E. Routine Maintenance
F. Down the Drain
II. Explanation of each source
A. Offshore Drilling
B. Big Spills
C. Natural Seeps
D. Up in smoke
E. Routine Maintenance
F. Down the Drain
III. Major Source of Oil Pollution – Down the Drain
A. Perception
B. Where it originates
C. Where it flows
D. How it affects wildlife
IV. Solutions to Oil Pollution
A. Recycling
B. Government Regulations
C. What other countries are doing
D. What Virginia is doing
E. What my community is doing
V. What can "We" do about it
VI. Conclusion

OIL – POLLUTING OUR OCEANS
Oil is the world's most precious resource, most sought after, most
volatile yet it is also widely mishandled! There are 706 million
gallons of oil that enter the ocean each year, mostly from
non-accidental sources. Surprisingly the greatest source of oil
pollution receives the least amount of publicity and the lowest source
of oil pollution receives the most amount of publicity. At 363
million gallons of oil 'down the drain', Americans carelessly dispose
of 35 times more oil than was spilled in the entire Valdez oil spill.
The six main sources of oil pollution are:
A. Offshore drilling -15 million gallons per year or 2.12% worldwide,
584,000 Google articles
B. Big Spills -27 million gallons per year or 5.24% worldwide,
4,190,000 Google articles
C. Natural Seeps -62 million gallons per year or 8.78% worldwide
D. Up in smoke -92 million gallons per year or 13.03% worldwide
E. Routine Maintenance -137 million gallons per year or 19.4%
worldwide, 698,000 Google articles
F. Down the Drain -363 million gallons per year or 51.42% worldwide
Offshore drilling may come from leakage in operational discharge and
spills caused by hurricanes.
Big Spills such as the Exxon Valdez and the Jessica oil spill have
accumulated the largest amount of publicity. Google searches found a
whopping 4,190,000 articles on oil spills and 1,250,000 articles on
the Exxon Valdez. Publicity about false problems causes people to get
government to pass laws about wrong problems. Big oil spills are the
second to the lowest contributor to oil pollution.
Natural Seeps can cause oil pollution through seepage from the ocean
bottom and the erosion of sedimentary rocks.
'Up in Smoke' refers to air pollution from cars and industries that
allow hydrocarbons to release into the air.
Routine Maintenance can cause pollution from bilge cleaning and other
ship operations such as cleaning the ships engine. Ships that dump
oily wastes is illegal but many ships release waste oils from their
engine room bilges to save the cost of pumping their oily wastes into
onshore tanks when they reach port.
'Down the Drain' comes from used engine oil improperly disposed of as
well as oil runoff from land and municipal and industrial wastes
industries ending up in watersheds and eventually making their way to
our oceans. 363 million gallons of oil entering the ocean each year -
more than all the other sources combined!
What is the 'true' problem? Through various media sources, the public
perceives the problem to be the carelessness of oil companies who leak
oil into the oceans through off-shore drilling and tanker accidents
but in fact, it's really only a small part of the huge problem that
exists today.
Used engine oil is carelessly or purposely dumped into storm drains,
yards, ditches and creeks and flows into storm drains through storm
water and urban run-off. Americans carelessly dispose 35 times the
amount of oil per year that was spilled in the entire Valdez spill.
When oil is poured down a sink, it can diminish the effectiveness of
the treatment process and could allow contaminant to be discharged.
Pollutants on the streets, such as oil, are carried to the waterways
by rain as well, and eventually into the oceans too. Oil enters our
roadways when topping off gas tanks, improperly disposing engine oil
from maintenance work, not using pumps or funnels when fueling or
maintaining motors, paint spills and improper paint disposal. More
than half of Americans change their own oil but only one-third of it
is collected and recycled
Run-off takes place when oils seep down into the ground and into
various streams that then feed into the ocean. This can pollute
waterways and harm aquatic life. Run-off can occur in many ways like
when industrial wastewater and household sewage is poured down drains
from house cleaning, washing cars, and watering lawns and fields that
contain oil from fertilizers. During heavy rains, oil-based
fertilizers are washed away into streams and other water passages
quite easily.
Even though many of these sources are in our very own backyard and
might seem like only a small amount of oil compared to the oil on the
whole earth, run-off adds up over time. Four million gallons of used
oil are unaccounted for by Virginia residents who change their own
oil.
'Down the drain' oil pollutes waterways thereby harming aquatic life.
Used oil is much more harmful to wildlife than new oil. It
contaminates their fur or feathers and they inhale or ingest the oil.
It affects their habitats.
The government and industry sponsor oil collection and recycling
programs in many communities and are increasing the awareness of the
hazards of dumping oil. Free oil pans are provided at some oil dumping
stations.
Auto salvage yards sell the used car parts and recycle oil from the
oil tank and oil filters. Six million oil filters are improperly
disposed of each year in Virginia alone. Each oil filter contains 6-8
ounces of used oil.
If we would recycle all of our oil used, this would save the U.S. 1.3
million barrels of oil/day. It takes forty-two gallons of crude oil,
but only one gallon of used oil to produce 2.5 quarts of new
lubricating oil. The public needs to be informed that used oil is
dirty but never wears out!
MARPOL (short for marine pollution), a protocol signed originally in
1973, was designed to minimize pollution of the seas, including
dumping, oil and exhaust pollution. MARPOL requires the installation
and use of oil prevention equipment and prohibits discharges within
certain distances from land.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other government
organizations are working to control this pollution through different
programs. The programs include regulatory tools, planning activities,
technical and financial assistance, education, training, technology
transfer, monitoring, and demonstration projects. Programs that are
used are required to show that they've made a difference. As of 1995,
the EPA had given more than $370 million to address 'down the drain'
problems.
In Virginia, we have the Virginia Storm Water Management Program. This program:
Minimizes quantity of storm water runoff
Improves the quality of storm water runoff
Provides public outreach through a free brochure and video
In Northern Virginia, there are going to be new storm drain markers
that have a fish on it named Sherlock Shad (a local fish) and it says,
"No dumping!".

The North Fork Shenandoah River and some of its neighboring
tributaries are on the dirty water list. Friends of the Shenandoah
River help prevent pollution from the Shenandoah River and clean up
pollution. It is supporting recycling by advertising recycling centers
and the advantages of recycling. For example, if you recycle two
gallons of used oil it can generate enough electricity to run the
average household for almost 24 hours.

Locally we have an organization called Friends For Fauquier County who
is working to educate community developers and the public on solving
the issue of 'down the drain' pollution.
Fauquier County has four locations including the landfill which
collects used oil. There are brochures located in the county
libraries, at the courthouse and county buildings to inform the public
of the importance and location of disposing used oil. The county
distributed approximately 3,000 brochures in the local public schools
as well in the local parades. Information is also located on their
website: www.fauquiercounty.gov
Many local automotive parts and service stores recycle used oil as
well such as Auto Zone and Merchants Tire.
Canada searches for illegal oil dumpers with pollution patrol aircraft
on both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. This is very costly to
patrol. In order to catch ships who dump at night, they are using
RADARSAT – a satellite which uses radar to detect the calming effect
of spilled oil on the water. Fines are given for violators. The
Environment Canada and the Canadian Coast Guard have initiated several
programs to educate the ships' crews about the serious effects of oil
dumping. Multilingual brochures are distributed explaining the
serious hazards. Unfortunately, many ships pass through Canadian
waters from other ports to another foreign port who are not notified

Despite more than 20 years of conventions in Sweden, cleaning the
sludge tanks is still going on at sea. This causes the presence of
thick oil slicks on the Swedish coast. Due to the slicks, 100,000
long- tailed ducks die yearly at Homburgs Bank in the Baltic Sea.
Sweden would like a device to be installed that breaks down the stable
emulsions so it can be released in the sea. This active cleaning
equipment working together with the surveillance and commanding
enforcement of the law might prevent most dumping at sea.
Some of the ideas we thought of to educate the public on oil pollution are:
A. Hand out flyers with information about the problem at gas stations
and boat marinas.
B. Make a website that has information about the problem.
C. Develop a lesson plan to use in the school, in Boy Scout, and Girl
Scout meetings, etc.
D. When getting your car inspected they could give out free oil pans
and encourage you to recycle your used oil and have them read a
pamphlet on 'Down the Drain' hazards.
Run-off and pollution can be minimized, or even prevented, by
utilizing better treatment and disposal methods for household and
industrial sewages. Practicing more safety precautions on oil tankers
and offshore drilling can prevent major spills.
It's easy to sit back and blame the problem on those involved with
Offshore Drilling and Big Spills where we as helpless individuals
don't feel like 'our part' matters. Yet, in fact, we can make a
difference! Educating the public and making them more aware of the
facts will only increase the hope for future generations to come and
our ever-changing ecosystem.
In conclusion, we believe that attention is being paid to the wrong
problems (i.e. oil spills). More research and education needs to be
done to determine the effects of 'Down the Drain' oil pollution and
how to prevent this incredibly large problem which can be humanly
prevented. The public needs to be aware of the information we have
discovered.

SOURCES
www.seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN
www.activeboard.com/forum.spark
www.deq.state.la.us/assistance/recycling
www.ecan.govt.nz/Our+Environment/Waste/Hazardous
www.georgiasourthern.edu
www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/stormwater/autosalvage.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARPOL
www.spaceforspecies.ca/meeting
www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?asp
www.gronkenmi.nu/skepp.
Handy Ocean Answer Book
www.dcr.virginia.gov/sw/stormwat.htm

www.epa.gov/owow/nps/facts/point3.htm

www.epa.gov/owow/nps/facts/point10.htm

www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/regulatory/mprsa/beyond.html

www.pecva.org

www.askanexpert.com

www.nationalacademies.org

Research Report: Oil - Polluting Our Oceans

2005-11-23T03:00:00.000-08:00

OIL –

POLLUTING OUR OCEANS

A Research Report

The ÒBotBrainsÓ

Junior Lego Robotics Team

November 23, 2005

OIL - POLLUTING OUR OCEANS

Introduction

I. Sources/Statistics of oil Pollution

A. Offshore Drilling

B. Big Spills

C. Natural Seeps

D. Up in smoke

E. Routine Maintenance

F. Down the Drain

II. Explanation of each source

A. Offshore Drilling

B. Big Spills

C. Natural Seeps

D. Up in smoke

E. Routine Maintenance

F. Down the Drain

III. Major Source of Oil Pollution – Down the Drain

A. Perception

B. Where it originates

C. Where it flows

D. How it affects wildlife

IV. Solutions to Oil Pollution

A. Recycling

B. Government Regulations

C. What other countries are doing

D. What Virginia is doing

E. What my community is doing

V. What can ÒWeÓ do about it

VI. Conclusion

OIL – POLLUTING OUR OCEANS

Oil is the worldÕs most precious resource, most sought after, most volatile yet it is also widely mishandled! There are 706 million gallons of oil that enter the ocean each year, mostly from non-accidental sources. Surprisingly the greatest source of oil pollution receives the least amount of publicity and the lowest source of oil pollution receives the most amount of publicity. At 363 million gallons of oil Ôdown the drainÕ, Americans carelessly dispose of 35 times more oil than was spilled in the entire Valdez oil spill.

The six main sources of oil pollution are:

A. Offshore drilling -15 million gallons per year or 2.12% worldwide, 584,000 Google articles

B. Big Spills -27 million gallons per year or 5.24% worldwide, 4,190,000 Google articles

C. Natural Seeps -62 million gallons per year or 8.78% worldwide

D. Up in smoke -92 million gallons per year or 13.03% worldwide

E. Routine Maintenance -137 million gallons per year or 19.4% worldwide, 698,000 Google articles

F. Down the Drain -363 million gallons per year or 51.42% worldwide

Offshore drilling may come from leakage in operational discharge and spills caused by hurricanes.

Big Spills such as the Exxon Valdez and the Jessica oil spill have accumulated the largest amount of publicity. Google searches found a whopping 4,190,000 articles on oil spills and 1,250,000 articles on the Exxon Valdez. Publicity about false problems causes people to get government to pass laws about wrong problems. Big oil spills are the second to the lowest contributor to oil pollution.

Natural Seeps can cause oil pollution through seepage from the ocean bottom and the erosion of sedimentary rocks.

ÔUp in SmokeÕ refers to air pollution from cars and industries that allow hydrocarbons to release into the air.

Routine Maintenance can cause pollution from bilge cleaning and other ship operations such as cleaning the ships engine. Ships that dump oily wastes is illegal but many ships release waste oils from their engine room bilges to save the cost of pumping their oily wastes into onshore tanks when they reach port.

ÔDown the DrainÕ comes from used engine oil improperly disposed of as well as oil runoff from land and municipal and industrial wastes industries ending up in watersheds and eventually making their way to our oceans. 363 million gallons of oil entering the ocean each year - more than all the other sources combined!

What is the ÔtrueÕ problem? Through various media sources, the public perceives the problem to be the carelessness of oil companies who leak oil into the oceans through off-shore drilling and tanker accidents but in fact, itÕs really only a small part of the huge problem that exists today.

Used engine oil is carelessly or purposely dumped into storm drains, yards, ditches and creeks and flows into storm drains through storm water and urban run-off. Americans carelessly dispose 35 times the amount of oil per year that was spilled in the entire Valdez spill. When oil is poured down a sink, it can diminish the effectiveness of the treatment process and could allow contaminant to be discharged. Pollutants on the streets, such as oil, are carried to the waterways by rain as well, and eventually into the oceans too. Oil enters our roadways when topping off gas tanks, improperly disposing engine oil from maintenance work, not using pumps or funnels when fueling or maintaining motors, paint spills and improper paint disposal. More than half of Americans change their own oil but only one-third of it is collected and recycled

Run-off takes place when oils seep down into the ground and into various streams that then feed into the ocean. This can pollute waterways and harm aquatic life. Run-off can occur in many ways like when industrial wastewater and household sewage is poured down drains from house cleaning, washing cars, and watering lawns and fields that contain oil from fertilizers. During heavy rains, oil-based fertilizers are washed away into streams and other water passages quite easily.

Even though many of these sources are in our very own backyard and might seem like only a small amount of oil compared to the oil on the whole earth, run-off adds up over time. Four million gallons of used oil are unaccounted for by Virginia residents who change their own oil.

ÔDown the drainÕ oil pollutes waterways thereby harming aquatic life. Used oil is much more harmful to wildlife than new oil. It contaminates their fur or feathers and they inhale or ingest the oil. It affects their habitats.

The government and industry sponsor oil collection and recycling programs in many communities and are increasing the awareness of the hazards of dumping oil. Free oil pans are provided at some oil dumping stations.

Auto salvage yards sell the used car parts and recycle oil from the oil tank and oil filters. Six million oil filters are improperly disposed of each year in Virginia alone. Each oil filter contains 6-8 ounces of used oil.

If we would recycle all of our oil used, this would save the U.S. 1.3 million barrels of oil/day. It takes forty-two gallons of crude oil, but only one gallon of used oil to produce 2.5 quarts of new lubricating oil. The public needs to be informed that used oil is dirty but never wears out!

MARPOL (short for marine pollution), a protocol signed originally in 1973, was designed to minimize pollution of the seas, including dumping, oil and exhaust pollution. MARPOL requires the installation and use of oil prevention equipment and prohibits discharges within certain distances from land.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other government organizations are working to control this pollution through different programs. The programs include regulatory tools, planning activities, technical and financial assistance, education, training, technology transfer, monitoring, and demonstration projects. Programs that are used are required to show that theyÕve made a difference. As of 1995, the EPA had given more than $370 million to address Ôdown the drainÕ problems.

In Virginia, we have the Virginia Storm Water Management Program. This program:

Minimizes quantity of storm water runoff

Improves the quality of storm water runoff

Provides public outreach through a free brochure and video

In Northern Virginia, there are going to be new storm drain markers that have a fish on it named Sherlock Shad (a local fish) and it says, ÒNo dumping!Ó.

The North Fork Shenandoah River and some of its neighboring tributaries are on the dirty water list. Friends of the Shenandoah River help prevent pollution from the Shenandoah River and clean up pollution. It is supporting recycling by advertising recycling centers and the advantages of recycling. For example, if you recycle two gallons of used oil it can generate enough electricity to run the average household for almost 24 hours.

Locally we have an organization called Friends For Fauquier County who is working to educate community developers and the public on solving the issue of Ôdown the drainÕ pollution.

Fauquier County has four locations including the landfill which collects used oil. There are brochures located in the county libraries, at the courthouse and county buildings to inform the public of the importance and location of disposing used oil. The county distributed approximately 3,000 brochures in the local public schools as well in the local parades. Information is also located on their website: www.fauquiercounty.gov

Many local automotive parts and service stores recycle used oil as well such as Auto Zone and Merchants Tire.

Canada searches for illegal oil dumpers with pollution patrol aircraft on both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. This is very costly to patrol. In order to catch ships who dump at night, they are using RADARSAT – a satellite which uses radar to detect the calming effect of spilled oil on the water. Fines are given for violators. The Environment Canada and the Canadian Coast Guard have initiated several programs to educate the shipsÕ crews about the serious effects of oil dumping. Multilingual brochures are distributed explaining the serious hazards. Unfortunately, many ships pass through Canadian waters from other ports to another foreign port who are not notified

Some of the ideas we thought of to educate the public on oil pollution are:

A. Hand out flyers with information about the problem at gas stations and boat marinas.

B. Make a website that has information about the problem.

C. Develop a lesson plan to use in the school, in Boy Scout, and Girl Scout meetings, etc.

D. When getting your car inspected they could give out free oil pans and encourage you to recycle your used oil and have them read a pamphlet on ÔDown the DrainÕ hazards.

Run-off and pollution can be minimized, or even prevented, by utilizing better treatment and disposal methods for household and industrial sewages. Practicing more safety precautions on oil tankers and offshore drilling can prevent major spills.

ItÕs easy to sit back and blame the problem on those involved with Offshore Drilling and Big Spills where we as helpless individuals donÕt feel like Ôour partÕ matters. Yet, in fact, we can make a difference! Educating the public and making them more aware of the facts will only increase the hope for future generations to come and our ever-changing ecosystem.

In conclusion, we believe that attention is being paid to the wrong problems (i.e. oil spills). More research and education needs to be done to determine the effects of ÔDown the DrainÕ oil pollution and how to prevent this incredibly large problem which can be humanly prevented. The public needs to be aware of the information we have discovered.

SOURCES

www.seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN

www.activeboard.com/forum.spark

www.deq.state.la.us/assistance/recycling

www.ecan.govt.nz/Our+Environment/Waste/Hazardous

www.georgiasourthern.edu

www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/stormwater/autosalvage.htm

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARPOL

www.spaceforspecies.ca/meeting

www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?asp

www.gronkenmi.nu/skepp.

Handy Ocean Answer Book